Buffering transition

QoS-Competitive Video Buffering

Many multimedia applications require transmission of streaming video from a server to a client across an internetwork. In many cases loss may be unavoidable due to congestion or heterogeneous nature of the network. We explore how discard policies can be used in order to maximize the quality of service (QoS) perceived by the client. In our model the QoS of a video stream is measured in terms of ...

Online packet buffering

Buffering the Buffer 1

Riparian buffer strips are a widely accepted tool for helping to sustain aquatic ecosystems and to protect downstream resources and values in forested areas, but controversy persists over how wide a buffer strip is necessary. The physical integrity of stream channels is expected to be sustained if the characteristics and rates of tree fall along buffered reaches are similar to those in undistur...

Arterial Baroreflex Buffering

Static muscle contraction activates metabolically sensitive muscle afferents that reflexively increase sympathetic nerve activity and arterial pressure. To determine if this contractioninduced reflex is modulated by the sinoaortic baroreflex, we performed microelectrode recordings of sympathetic nerve activity to resting leg muscle during static handgrip in humans while attempting to clamp the ...

Buffering of Blood Plasma **

pH = pK' + log Totalconc.-Acidconc. (3) Acid conc. where pK' is the pK' of the weak acid, Acid conc. is the concentration of the weak acid, and Total conc. is the concentration of the anion of the weak acid not only in the free dissociated form but also in the undissociated form as the acid. This equation contains the three variables, pH, Total conc., and Acid conc. If the Total conc. remains t...